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Who is Dee Baba, the protector of the land?

Updated: Sep 17


In Indian Caribbean folklore Dee Baba is perceived as the protector of the land from dangerous forces. Some sources state that he takes the form of a white man on a black horse. This man resembles a colonial slave master who rides on a horse through a sugarcane plantation. He has a whip in one hand and a chain in the other. Other sources claim that Dee Baba takes the form of either a black rooster or a black dog. He is also associated with the "Dutch Spirits", known by other names as well, but they are the fierce spirits of Dutch slave owners. Their cult is rare but found in Guyana, and their "cult" is surprisingly from Afro-Caribbean cults, such as Comfa and Shango. It is said that he is Kush (son of Sri Ramar) becoming dark in the complexion after passing through the fire ordered by Shree Ram as a test of Purity and was called Karruppau which became Karappu Sami. Karappau in Tamil means Black and Sami means God. Dee Baba has his cult origins in the region of Bihar in North India, and is one of the deities who got "creolized" or syncretized when his cult arrived to the West Indies. The "purer" (really just less influenced from the Bhojpuri and Awadhi majority of Indo-Caribbean culture) Saktha temples usually do not worship him since he is of North Indian origin.

The spirit of Dee Baba is fed once a year (usually in January, and some do every Second Friday of each month) or periodically. He is given biscuits (salted crackers), salted butter, white rum, lit cigarettes and a burning diya (clay lamp) or candle on a sohari leaf (similar to a banana leaf) in the bushes. This type of offering is called satvik (vegetarian). Non-vegetarian devotees offer canned sardines or a black cock (rooster), or a goat or a hog (pig). This type of offering is called sadmaa (non-vegetarian). Many Shakta communities consider him a form of Kal Bhairo (Kaal Bhairav), so many will also peform his pujai before any Devi pujai.

These offerings are made mainly by farmers who would pray to reap an abundant harvest and prevent thieves from stealing their crops. Property owners also make offerings to Dee Baba to protect their house and land from envious neighbours and competing relatives. Others make sacrifices to Dee Baba to obtain health and happiness. Offerings: biscuits (salted crackers), salted butter, white rum, lit cigarettes and a burning diya (clay lamp) or candle on a sohari leaf (similar to a banana leaf) in the bushes, canned sardines or a black cock (rooster), or a goat or a hog (pig)

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